A discount's MATH shape (the structural part; app-side eligibility rules are separate).
percent: 0–100; fixed: cents off the subtotal.
Optional
the discount only applies at/above this subtotal (cents).
cap the amount removed (cents) — e.g. "30% off, up to $50". Applied before the [0, subtotal] clamp.
A discount's MATH shape (the structural part; app-side eligibility rules are separate).